Direct Answer:
Secondary combustion systems enhance stove efficiency by re-burning unburned gases from primary combustion. This process maximizes heat output, reduces fuel consumption, and lowers emissions.
1. Primary vs Secondary Combustion
During primary combustion, wood releases combustible gases that often leave the firebox unburned. Secondary combustion captures and ignites these gases in a higher temperature chamber.
2. Mechanism of Secondary Combustion
- Preheated air injection: Introduces oxygen-rich air above the flame.
- Ignition of volatile gases: Combustible gases burn at high temperature.
- Heat recovery: Additional energy is absorbed by cast iron and radiated into the room.
3. Benefits
- 15–25% higher thermal efficiency
- Lower particulate and CO emissions
- Consistent and stable heat output
4. Design Considerations
- Chamber geometry and baffles for complete gas ignition
- Adjustable airflow controls for burn rate optimization
- Durable, high-temperature-resistant materials
5. Summary
Secondary combustion is a defining feature of modern high-efficiency cast iron stoves. By maximizing energy extraction, maintaining consistent burn, and reducing emissions, it ensures both user satisfaction and regulatory compliance.
For a more general discussion on efficiency and eco-friendly stove design, see: Combustion Efficiency & Eco-Friendly Design.
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